Judul: Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples
Penulis: Linda Tuhiwai Smith
Penerbit: Zed Books
Tahun terbitan: 1999
ISBN: 1856496244
Jumlah halaman: 244
From the vantage point of the colonized, the term 'research' is inextricably linked with European colonialism; the ways in which scientific research has been implicated in the worst excesses of imperialism remains a powerful remembered history for many of the world's colonized peoples. Here, an indigenous researcher issues a clarion call for the decolonization of research methods.
The book is divided into two parts. In the first, the author critically examines the historical and philosophical base of Western research. Extending the work of Foucault, she explores the intersections of imperialism, knowledge and research, and the different ways in which imperialism is embedded in disciplines of knowledge and methodologies as 'regimes of truth'. Providing a history of knowledge from the Enlightenment to Postcoloniality, she also discusses the fate of concepts such as 'discovery, 'claiming' and 'naming' through which the west has incorporated and continues to incorporate the indigenous world within its own web.
The second part of the book meets the urgent need for people who are carrying out their own research projects, for literature which validates their frustrations in dealing with various western paradigms, academic traditions and methodologies, which continue to position the indigenous as 'Other'. In setting an agenda for planning and implementing indigenous research, the author shows how such programmes are part of the wider project of reclaiming control over indigenous ways of knowing and being.
Exploring the broad range of issues which have confronted, and continue to confront, indigenous peoples, in their encounters with western knowledge, this book also sets a standard for truly emancipatory research. It brilliantly demonstrates that ‘when indigenous peoples become the researchers and not merely the researched, the activity of research is transformed.’
'This book is a counter-story to western ideas about the benefits of the pursuit of knowledge. Looking through the eyes of the colonized, cautionary tales are told from an indigenous perspective, tales designed not just to voice the voiceless but to prevent the dying - of people, of culture, of eco-systems. The book is particularly strong in situating the development of counter practices of research within both western critiques of western knowledge and global indigenous movements. Informed by critical and feminist critiques of positivism, Tuhiwai Smith urges `researching back' and disrupting the rules of the research game toward practices that are `more respectful, ethical, sympathetic and useful' vs racist practices and attitudes, ethnocentric assumptions and exploitative research. Using Kaupapa Maori, a `fledgling approach', toward culturally appropriate research protocols and methodologies, the book is designed primarily to develop indigenous peoples as researchers. In short, Tuhiwai Smith begins to articulate research practices that arise out of the specificities of epistemology and methodology rooted in survival struggles, a kind of research that is something other than a `dirty word' to those on the suffering side of history.' - Patti Lather, Professor of Educational Policy and Leadership, Ohio State University and author of Getting Smart: Feminist Research and Pedagogy With/in the Postmodern (Routledge, 1991) and Troubling the Angels: Women Living With HIV/AIDS, with Chris Smithies (Westview, 1997)
`Finally, a book for researchers working in indigenous researchers. Linda Smith goes far beyond de-colonizing research methodology. Our contextual histories, politics, and cultural considerations are respectfully interwoven together. Our distinctiveness remains distinct, but there are important places where our issues and methodologies intersect. Stories of research experiences, examples of projects, critical examination, and mindful reflection are woven together to make meaningful and practical designs related to indigenous issues and research' - Jo-ann Archibald, Sto:lo Nation and Director of the First Nations House of Learning at the University of British Columbia
'A book like this is long overdue. It will be most useful for both indigenous and non-indigenous researchers in educational and non-educational institutions. It will empower indigenous students to undertake research which uses methods that are culturally sensitive and appropriate instead of those which they have learned about in Research Methods courses in universities which assume that research and research methods are culture-free and that researchers occupy some kind of moral high ground from which they can `observe' their subjects and make judgements about them' - Konai Thaman, Professor of Pacific Education and Culture, and UNESCO Chair of Education, University of the South Pacific
'Linda Tuhiwai Smith is the leading theorist on decolonisation of Maori in New Zealand. This book opts for a dynamic interpretation of power relations of domination, struggle and emancipation. She uses the dual framework the whakapapa of Maori knowledge, and European epistemology, to interpret and capture the world of reality for a `moment in time'. Thus the search for truth in complex human relations is a never ending quest' - Ranginui Walker, Previously Professor of Maori Studies Department and Pro-Vice Chancellor, University of Auckland.
`We have needed this book. Academic research facilitates diverse forms of economic and cultural imperialism by shaping and legitimating policies which entrench existing unjust power relations. Linda Tuhiwai Smith's powerful critique of dominant research methodologies is eloquent, informed and timely. Her distinctive proposals for an indigenous research agenda are especially valuable. Decolonization, she reminds us, cannot be limited to deconstructing the dominant story and revealing underlying texts, for none of that helps people improve their current conditions or prevents them from dying. This careful articulation of a range of research methodologies is vital, welcome and full of promise' - Laurie Anne Whitt, Professor of Philosophy, Michigan Technological University.
`A brilliant, evocative and timely book about an issue that served to both define and create indigenous realities. In recent years, indigenous people, often led by the emerging culturally affirmed and positioned indigenous scholars have intensified the struggle to break free from the chains of colonialism and its oppressive legacy. In writing this boo, Linda Tuhiwai Smith makes a powerful and impassioned contribution to this struggle. No budding researcher should be allowed to leave the academy without reading this book and no teacher should teach without it at their side' - Bob Morgan, Director, Jumbunna CAISER, Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders, University of Technology, Sydney.Contents
1. Imperialism, History, Writing and Theory
2. Research through Imperial Eyes
3. Colonizing Knowledges
4. Research Adventures on Indigenous Land
5. Notes from Down Under.
6. The Indigenous People's Project: Setting a New Agenda.
7. Articulating an Indigenous Research Agenda
8. Twenty-Five Indigenous Projects
9. Responding the the Imperatives of an Indigenous Agenda: A Case Study of Maori
10. Towards Developing Indigenous Methodologies: Kaupapa Maori Research
Conclusion: A Personal Journey
Notes
Index
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